Grades
Grades inform students of the level of performance they have achieved in a course. Grades are means whereby students may come to know and appreciate their capacities and abilities. Instructors are responsible for specifying the performances required in their courses; students are responsible for meeting the requirements specified.
Grades earned by students at Canisius College reflect:
1. The extent to which the requirements specified in the course syllabus have been met.
2. The degree to which the requirements completed exhibit mastery of the subject or skills which are the object of the course.
3. Other criteria specified by the instructor at the beginning of the course, criteria such as, but not limited to, attendance at lectures or other course functions, projects voluntarily undertaken in excess of specified requirements, correct use of oral or written English and contribution to discussion or other course activities.
Grades earned by undergraduate students include the following:
A Superior performance.
A-
B+ Good performance.
B
B–
C+
C Adequate performance.
C–
D Poor, but passing, performance.
F Failing performance.
FX Failure due to excessive absences or unauthorized absence from the final examination.
P or U P Passing. U Failing, The description of the Pass/Fail program is given later in this chapter.
Grades authorized by the deans include the following:
W Authorized Withdrawal from a course. The description of withdrawal procedures is in a preceding section of this chapter.
I Incomplete. A student who has failed to fulfill all requirements of a course may petition the instructor to request an incomplete grade. The request must be approved by the instructor and then the appropriate associate dean. An incomplete grade will be granted for only serious and well-defined reasons.
NG No grade submitted by the course instructor
Final course grades cannot in normal circumstances be altered after they have been recorded by the registrar. The appropriate dean’s permission is required if a final grade is altered. Final grades are available on the college’s on-line services page at the conclusion of each semester. If an official grade report is needed for any reason, contact the Student Records office to request a grade report.
Students who are dissatisfied with their grade in a course may repeat the course once (exceptions may be approved by the appropriate associate dean in consultation with the department chair). In such cases both grades will be entered in the student’s record, but, for the purpose of computing grade point average, only the second grade will be used for the calculation. Because retaking courses that have already been passed (any grade of D or above) affects a student’s financial aid, students should consult with the financial aid office before retaking any courses.
Incomplete Grade:
A student who, for serious and well-defined reasons, has failed to fulfill all requirements of a course or has failed to take the final exam may petition an instructor to request, from the appropriate associate dean, a grade of “I,” indicating “Incomplete Performance.”
Only the appropriate associate dean may grant an incomplete grade. It will not be granted to a student whose only reason is excessive absence during the semester or failure to complete the work of the course before the close of the semester without an exceptionally good reason. Examples of such good reasons might be prolonged illness or hospitalization during the semester, serious illness at the time of the final examination, or other unusual circumstances.
An Incomplete grade, when granted, is merely temporary and will automatically be changed to an “FX” grade if a final grade is not submitted to the appropriate associate dean, who then forwards the grade change to the Student Records office within six weeks after the close of final examinations.
Grade Grievance Procedure
Occasions may arise when a student does not agree with the grade he/she has received in a course. When this happens, the question of whether the grade should be reconsidered is addressed in two stages.
A. The initial stage in the grievance procedure is as follows:
1. The student first contacts the course instructor to discuss the grade in question within four weeks of the start of the semester (regular academic session) immediately following that in which the grade was awarded. If the instructor agrees that the grade in question was inaccurate, a grade change is processed by the instructor.
2. If the student and the instructor cannot agree on the appropriateness of the grade in question, the student may petition the chair of the instructor’s department, in writing, within ten working days after the meeting with the instructor. If a mutually agreeable decision is made through mediation conducted by the chair, the instructor will submit the agreed-upon grade and the process is completed. If there is no outcome that is mutually acceptable to the student and the instructor, the process may continue. If the instructor is also the chair, then Step 2 is omitted and the process goes to Step 3.
3. The student may appeal the decision to the appropriate associate dean’s office within ten working days after the mediation process is complete. The associate dean shall collect written views/and other pertinent material from the involved instructor, student and chair, as well as consult with any other individuals deemed necessary. The associate dean shall render the decision whether the grade should be reconsidered.
4. The decision of the associate dean to reconsider or not to reconsider the grade in question is final. If the decision is to reconsider the grade, the procedure outlined in Part B below is followed. If the decision is not to reconsider the grade, the original grade cannot be changed. Cases which are referred to the procedure in Part B can be withdrawn only with the consent of the student, instructor, department chair, and associate dean – and after first informing all parties involved.
B. The final stage in the grievance procedure is as follows:
1. If the associate dean feels that the reconsideration of the grade in question is appropriate, a panel of tenured faculty who have not been involved in the process described above is formed from the department in question. The panel must be formed within ten days of the associate dean’s decision. If the department does not have a minimum of four members, it will be expanded to include all the tenured members of the departments within the division (Natural Science, Social Science, Humanities, or Business) of which the department in question is a member.
2. A three-member panel will be selected as follows. The associate dean, faculty member and student involved will each select one member of the panel from the designated pool.
3. The panel will review all appropriate material and make a determination about the grade change. This review must be completed within thirty days of the formation of the panel. The panel has the authority to assign a grade for the course in question. That grade may be the same grade as assigned by the instructor or a higher or a lower grade, according to the panel’s judgment. The student and the instructor will be informed of the panel’s decision and, when applicable, the authorized grade change will be submitted to the registrar.
4. The decision of the panel may be appealed by the original instructor or the student to the vice president for academic affairs only in the following extraordinary circumstancesances:
a. The grade grievance procedure was not followed.
b. Prejudice was manifested against either the student or the instructor.
c. New, relevant information was introduced.
The appeal must be brought within thirty days of the panel’s decision. The burden of proof for the appeal rests with the individual bringing the appeal.
5. If the vice president for academic affairs believes that the decision of the panel should be reviewed, a three-member appeal panel will be appointed from the pool of tenured faculty as described in Step B-1. The vice president, the faculty member and the student involved will each select one member. No member of the original panel may serve on the appeal panel. The appeal panel will follow the procedure in Step B-3, including completion of its task within thirty days of the formation of the panel. The decision of the appeal panel is final.
Pass-Fail Program
Seniors and juniors are eligible to elect one course each semester for which they will receive a grade of either “Pass, P grade” or “Fail, U grade.” The purpose of this plan is to enable upperclassmen to take more difficult courses than they would normally take for fear of lowering their grade point average.
The program is as follows:
1. Juniors and seniors who have completed at least 30 hours at Canisius may elect one course each semester, not to exceed a total of four courses in their college careers, for which they will receive a recorded grade on their transcript of either “Pass” or “Fail.”
2. This course must be a free elective in the student’s degree program.
3. Within one week after the semester begins, the student must file a request for “Pass-Fail” grading. Application forms may be found in the office of the appropriate associate dean. If the associate dean grants permission for a course to be taken pass-fail, grades will still be assigned for all work done during the course and on the final examination. A final grade will be entered for the student by the instructor. If this grade is “D” or above, the registrar will record a pass (P grade) for the course on the student’s transcript; otherwise, he will record a failure (U grade).
4. Having received permission to take a course on the “Pass-Fail” option, a student may request in the last week of classes to withdraw from the option and receive a conventional letter grade. A form for this request is available in the office of the appropriate associate dean. A student who withdraws from the “Pass-Fail” option receives the letter grade assigned by the instructor.
5. A student attaining a grade of Pass will receive full credit for this course.
6. If a student elects to receive pass or fail in a course, this course will not be counted in the grade point average. The student must carry at least four courses to be eligible for this program. Part-time students, however, are eligible with fewer than four courses.
7. This plan is entirely optional. A student may or may not elect to take advantage of it.
Courses at Other Colleges
Students matriculating at Canisius should plan to complete all their coursework at the college. The rationale for this policy rests in the mission and philosophy of the college and in its concern for the essential unity and integrity of all aspects of the curriculum: the college core, major requirements and free electives. Permission to take courses at other colleges during the regular and summer sessions is granted by the appropriate associate dean, who will consider all aspects of the student’s request, including the quality and level of the proposed course and its role in the student’s program. Courses intended to fulfill major requirements must also be approved by department chairperson. Permission to take courses at other colleges must be requested on the appropriate form and in advance of taking the course.
Generally, the following guidelines apply:
1. Students are ordinarily limited to one course at another institution for every ten courses taken at Canisius.
2. Junior and senior-level core curriculum and major course requirements are not transferred from community colleges.
3. Courses taken at a four-year college/university will be accepted only if they are offered at a comparable level at Canisius (i.e., freshman-sophomore level/junior-senior level).
4. Students who live outside the greater Buffalo area may receive more lenient consideration in taking a summer course at another college. However, the associate dean may recommend an online web-based course as a preferred option if he/she considers it more appropriate than the off-campus course.
5. Courses used to fulfill Core requirements should be taken at Canisius College.
Cross Registration Program
This program is sponsored by the Western New York Consortium of Colleges. Participating colleges/universities include Alfred State College, Buffalo State College, Canisius College, Daemen College, D’Youville College, Fredonia State College, Empire State College, Erie Community College, Genesee Community College, Jamestown Community College, Medaille College, Niagara County Community College, Niagara University, St. Bonaventue University, Trocaire College, University at Buffalo and Villa Maria College.
Cross registration enables Canisius students to enrich their programs of study by taking specialized undergraduate courses available only at other campuses, and it provides some flexibility for meeting graduation requirements in a timely manner. During the fall and spring semesters only, full-time undergraduate students are eligible to participate in this program. Students must maintain a full time course load (12 credits minimum) at Canisius during the semester in which they cross register. Students must abide by the rules and regulations of the institution where they are cross registered. Students may cross register for only one undergraduate course per semester. Students may not cross register for independent study or tutorial courses. Course registration is on a space available basis only. At the end of the semester, the grade will be forwarded to the Canisius by the visiting institution. The grade received will count in to the Canisius grade point average. Course loads above 18 credit hours including the cross registration course will result in additional Canisius tuition charges.
Students may only cross register for a course that is approved. A major course must be approved by the student’s major department chairperson. A core curriculum course must be approved by the appropriate associate dean. A free elective course can be approved by the cross registration officer. Student should check with the visiting school for course registration restrictions, for additional requirements such as proof of residency and dates and times when cross registration will be permitted. Cross registration during your final semester at Canisius is discouraged since this may delay your degree conferral.
The cross registration forms are available in the Student Records Office located in Bagen Hall 106.
Study Abroad
The college manages undergraduate study abroad programs with:
• Australia — University of the Sunshine Coast
• Belgium — University of Antwerp
• China — The Beijing Center, Beijing, China
• France — Catholic University of Lille
• France — IECS School of Management, Robert Schuman University, Strasbourg
• Germany — Berlin School of Economics
• Germany — University of Dortmund
• Ireland — National University of Ireland, Galway
• Italy — Lorenzo DeMedici, Florence
• Italy — Lorenzo DeMedici, Rome
• Japan — Sophia University
• Mexico — ITESO, Universidad Jesuita de Guadalajara
• Mexico — Universidad Iberoamericana, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicholas de Hidalgo
• Puerto Rico — Universidad Del Sagrado Corazon
• Spain — University of Oviedo
• Sweden — University of Uppsala
• United Kingdom — London Metropolitan University
Students interested in study abroad should begin planning early in their college experience so that preliminary coursework and language study can be completed in advance. Students should confer with the Study Abroad office located in the International Student Programs office (Frisch Lower Level 005, extension 2784) and with their academic advisor to discuss the options.
In keeping with the college’s policy on “Courses at Other Colleges,” students who wish to study at the universities listed above must study through the Canisius programs.
Students who wish to study at other foreign universities or in other countries than those listed should confer with the International Student Programs office.
Credit by Examinations
Students who are applying for admission or who are presently in attendance may obtain credit for previously completed examinations sponsored by the College Level Examination Program (CLEP) of the College Entrance Examination Board (CEEB) or by the New York State College Proficiency Examination Program (CPE). The minimum acceptable grades for these exams are “Pass” for exams graded Pass/Fail, “C” for exams with letter grades, and 50 on exams graded on a standard score scale of 20 to 80. Credit is not awarded for the CLEP general examinations. Credit in appropriate subject area exams is granted by the Student Records Office after the student has matriculated at the college. However, not all CPE and CLEP exams are acceptable as transfer credits. In addition, credits to be used in fulfilling departmental major requirements must first be approved in writing by the department chair. Students should plan to complete all their coursework at the college. Permission for matriculating students to take CPE or CLEP exams to fulfill degree requirements must be requested from the appropriate associate dean and will be granted only under extraordinary circumstances.
Regents College Examination
Students who are applying for admission to Canisius College or who are presently in attendance may be eligible, under unusual circumstances, to receive college credit for previous experience through the Regents College Examination program. The minimum acceptable score on the examinations is 50.
Students who have already taken such examinations should speak to the appropriate associate dean. Permission to take the examination must be obtained from the appropriate associate dean.
Quality Points
The grade point average indicates the student’s general scholastic average and is a measure of the quality of his or her work, just as credit hours are the measure of its extent. Points are assigned as follows for each semester hour completed:
Grade A 4.0 points
Grade A– 3.7 points
Grade B+ 3.3 points
Grade B 3.0 points
Grade B– 2.7 points
Grade C+ 2.3 points
Grade C 2.0 points
Grade C– 1.7 points
Grade D 1.0 point
Grade F (and its equivalent) 0 points
A student’s grade point average is obtained by dividing the total number of grade quality points by the total number of credit hours carried.
Academic Standing
Academic standing is determined by the cumulative grade point average from the beginning of the student’s studies at Canisius.
The following terms are used to describe a student’s academic standing:
1. Academic probation: When a student’s grade point average falls beneath the level indicated on the chart on the next page, he/she is placed on academic probation – a serious warning that the student’s academic record at the college is unsatisfactory. It is generally not advisable for students on academic probation to take part in extracurricular activities. Varsity athletes, in addition, are governed by NCAA and regional conference regulations. Probation for two successive semesters will result in automatic academic disqualification from the college.
2. Academic dismissal: Academic dismissal results from any one of the following:
a. Falling below the grade point average indicated on the chart below.
b. Failing three courses in a single semester.
c. Being placed on academic probation for two successive semesters. Dismissed students may not enroll in any division of the college and must wait at least six months before applying for readmission.
3. Good academic standing: This is a term used to determine a student’s eligibility for financial aid. A student who is on academic probation is considered to be in good academic standing. Further details may be found in the chapter on Financial Aid.
The grade point average levels for academic probation and academic dismissal are given as follows:
Cumulative grade point average, based on 0-30 credits and 31 or more credit hours:
ACADEMIC PROBATION: 1.50-1.99
ACADEMIC DISMISSAL: Below 1.50
Cumulative grade point average, based on 31 or more credit hours:
ACADEMIC PROBATION: 1.75-1.99
ACADEMIC DISMISSAL: Below 1.75
To be eligible for graduation, a student must have earned an overall cumulative grade point average of 2.00.
Separation from the College
Each student’s continued registration at the college, the awarding of academic credits and the granting of any certificate or degree are entirely subject to the disciplinary authority of the college. The college reserves the right, therefore, to enforce the regulations concerning satisfactory academic performance and, in consequence, to cancel a student’s registration, to refuse academic credits or to deny a certificate or degree. Separation from the college may also be imposed as a penalty for any conduct which conflicts with the ideals of the college or damages its reputation and that of its students.
Policy on Student Records
The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974, as amended (FERPA), is the federal law governing individuals’ access to student records. The guiding principle of FERPA is that education records are private and that students have the right to limit their disclosure to third parties. FERPA grants students the right to inspect and review their education records, the right to request to amend their education records and the right to limit disclosure of some personally identifiable information known as directory information.
For purposes of FERPA, “education records” are all records which contain information directly related to a student and maintained by Canisius College. Records that are not “education records” include but are not limited to sole possession, law enforcement, employment, medical and counseling, and post-attendance records. A “student” is defined as one who has attended or is attending Canisius College and regarding whom Canisius College maintains education records.
Normally, education records will not be released – nor access given – to third parties without written consent of the student unless the party meets one of the following:
• To school officials who have a legitimate educational interest in the records.
• To federal, state and local officials involving an audit or evaluation of compliance with educational programs.
• To anyone who is providing financial aid to the student (“financial aid” does not include any payments made by parents).
• To organizations conducting certain studies for or on behalf of the college.
• To accrediting organizations to carry out their functions.
• To comply with a judicial order or a lawfully issued subpoena.
• To parents of a dependent student.
• To appropriate parties in a health or safety emergency.
• To schools in which a student seeks or intends to enroll.
• To an alleged victim of a crime of violence of the results of a disciplinary hearing regarding the alleged perpetrator of that crime with respect to that crime.
• To parents/legal guardian when their children (under age 21) are found to have violated the Canisius College alcohol or drug policy.
• To military recruiters who request “Student Recruiting Information” for recruiting purpose only.
• To the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) for purposes of complying with the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997.
• To the Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services (BCIS) for purposes of the Student and Exchange Visitor Program.
• To authorized representatives of the Department of Veterans Affairs for students receiving educational assistance from the agency.
It should be noted that FERPA permits the disclosure of education records to the parents of a dependent student. The college, however, considers its students to be adult decision-makers; as such, students have the right and responsibility to share information about their grades and degree pursuit with their parents and/or guardians. This means that the staff of the college normally will not give out information about grades or degree pursuit and will instead suggest that parents or guardians have conversations directly with students about these matters. The college’s policy provides a greater degree of privacy for dependent students than FERPA would require. If the student or the parent wish to have this information released to the parents, the student must sign an Authorization to Disclose Grades form with the Student Records office, Bagen 106.
A notification of releases made to third parties shall be kept in the student’s record (unless forbidden by a judicial order or subpoena). The third party shall be informed that no release of personally identifiable data is authorized without the written consent of the student.
The college has established the following procedures enabling students to have access to their records:
1. The student may inspect and review his or her record by filling out a request form at the office where the record of interest is maintained. Students may not inspect and review the following:
• Financial information submitted by parents.
• Confidential letters and recommendations placed in their files prior to January 1, 1975.
• Confidential letters and statements of recommendation placed in records after January 1, 1975, to which the student has waived his or her right to inspect and review.
• Education records containing information about more than one student; however, in such cases, students will be given access to the part of the record which pertains only to the inquiring student.
2. Access is to be granted promptly and no later than 30 days from the date of the request.
3. The student may obtain copies of documents to which he or she is entitled. The college may charge for these copies.
4. 4. The student may request and receive interpretation of his or her record from the person (or designee) responsible for maintaining the record.
Students have the right to challenge the content of their education records if they consider the information contained therein to be inaccurate, misleading or inappropriate. The process includes an opportunity for amendment of the records or insertion of written explanations by the student into such records. The procedures for challenging records can be found in the Office of Student Affairs, Old Main 102.
Unlike education records, directory information shall be released freely unless the student files the appropriate form requesting that certain information may not be released. This form is available at the Student Records Office, Bagen 106. Directory information includes but is not limited to name, address, Email address, phone number, photograph, date and place of birth, major field of study, dates of attendance, grade level, enrollment status, participation in officially recognized activities and sports, weight and height of members of athletic teams, degrees, honors and awards, received and most recent education agency or institution attended.
This policy does not preclude the destruction of any record the college does not consider germane. Persons in charge of records shall ensure that only pertinent items are retained in student files. The forms for “Request for Confidential Status of Directory Information” and “Authorization to Disclose Grades” shall be removed from a student’s educational records upon graduation unless the student makes a specific request that these forms remain.
Recognition of Academic Excellence
Two categories of recognition are awarded at the end of each semester. The first recognizes full-time students and the second recognizes both full-time and part-time students.
In addition, students in either category who achieve a 4.00 will receive the designation “with Special Distinction.”
The two categories are:
1. Dean’s List. Awarded to students who have attained a grade point average of at least 3.50 for the semester and have completed at least four courses of three credits or equivalent.
2. Merit List. Awarded to students who have attained a grade point average of at least 3.25 for the semester and have completed two courses of three credit hours or equivalent.
Students who receive an “Incomplete” grade will eligible for the Dean’s or Merit lists once the work is completed and a passing grade submitted. The “Incomplete” grade must be changed within six weeks from the end of final examinations deadline.
Graduation
Degrees are awarded three times a year. September 15th for students completing their degree requirements during the summer; February 1st for students completing their requirements during the fall semester and at the annual commencement ceremony on the date designated in the college academic calendar.
To qualify for the degree of bachelor of arts or bachelor of science, a candidate must complete a minimum of 120 credit hours, the core curriculum requirements and all requirements of the major. To qualify for the degree of associate of arts, a candidate must complete satisfactorily 20 threeor four-credit hour courses and a minimum of 60 credit hours.
Satisfactory completion of requirements means that the candidate has maintained the grade point average indicated in the section on Academic Standing and has completed all general and departmental requirements as outlined in this catalog.
In extraordinary circumstances a student may petition the appropriate aasociate dean to be allowed to participate in graduation ceremonies even though the student will not have completed all degree requirements by the date of commencement. Before graduation, the degree candidate must settle all accounts with the Office of Student Accounts.
A student who completes the degree requirements in August or December and wishes to obtain his/her diploma before the next commencement should submit a diploma request form to the Student Records office. Students should contact that office regarding the deadline dates for such requests. Each student’s name should be submitted to the Student Records office exactly as the student wishes it to appear on all official documents of the college.
It is the student’s responsibility to keep this file accurate. A fee of $30.00 will be assessed to reprint a diploma if the name on the new diploma is to differ from that on the official record of the college.
Graduation Honors:
Only students who have completed the last 60 credit hours of academic work at Canisius College are eligible for graduating with honors. The Canisius College cumulative grade point average determines graduation with honors according to the following scale:
- Degree is awarded summa cum laude to those whose average is 3.80 or higher.
- Degree is awarded magna cum laude to those whose average is 3.65 or higher.
- Degree is awarded cum laude to those whose average is 3.45 or higher.